Opera Medica et Physiologica

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Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 59-64; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-59-64
Abstract Full Text

Various studies have led to our present knowledge of α1-adrenoreceptors and their role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology. Our study aimed to study the effect of the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist methoxamine on the frequency of spontaneous activity and electrical activity parameters of the atrial myocardium with a preserved sinus node and an imposed rhythm in newborn rats. In working cardiomyocytes of newborn rats with a preserved sinus node, methoxamine caused an increase in the frequency of spontaneous activity. α1-adrenergic receptor agonist methoxamine increased the duration of the repolarization phase of the action potential in both the imposed and the own rhythm.


Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 51-58; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-51-58
Abstract Full Text

A comparative analysis of the effects of serotonin (200 μg/kg), dopamine (60 μg/kg), promethazine (2 mg/kg) and sulpiride (1 mg/kg) administered once intraperitoneally on heart rate variability in male non-linear rats was carried out. Serotonin and dopamine do not change heart rate, but increase the centralization index by 122% (p < 0.05), serotonin due to an increase in the power of LF waves by 136% (p < 0.05), dopamine due to a downward trend power of HF waves by 51% (p < 0.1) compared to the control. Promethazine reduces the power of LF and VLF waves by 64-66% (p < 0.05) and the index of centralization (p < 0.01), while the proportion of HF waves in the spectrum increases to 75%, which is higher than the control (p < 0.01). Sulpiride increases heart rate frequency by 25% (p < 0.01) and the index of centralization (p < 0.001), reduces the power of HF-waves by 70 % (p < 0.001) from the initial state, increases the power of LF-of waves by 336% and VLF-waves by 197% (p < 0.001), so the total proportion of LF and VLF waves increases to 85%, which is higher than the control (p < 0.05). The results suggest that peripheral serotoninergic and dopaminergic mechanisms have opposite effects on heart rate variability.

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Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 41-50; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-41-50
Abstract Full Text

This research evaluates particularities of surface structural organization of surgical samples of intracapsular distracted formations in treating post-traumatic fibrous ankylosis of proximal interphalangeal joints by means of scanning electron microscopy. The research is carried out on small-fragment samples of intracapsular formations collected in the course of treatment from 8 patients of the Microsurgical Department. Morphological evaluation of the surface of two types of samples was performed: that of proximal interphalangeal joint capsules, and of the regenerate itself. Structural analysis of the surgical samples allowed to identify considerable differences both in form and size of single structure-forming elements, and in their organizational types. It was established that the regenerate has a more compact structure. In the course of microanalysis of elemental composition, it was ascertained that mass percentage of calcium and phosphorus in the examined regenerate samples is 4.4 and 2.2 times respectively higher compared to the capsule samples. These results could be used in further research into approaches to the evaluation of connective tissue regeneration after surgeries, as well as in making recommendations for operative or physiotherapeutic patient treatment in cases of joint capsule distraction. 


Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 31-40; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-31-40
Abstract Full Text

Bronchial asthma (BA) can be accompanied by cognitive impairment (CI). However, the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and asthma has not been fully elucidated. Cognitive disorders in patients with asthma largely depend on age, asthma control impairment, the severity of symptoms of the disease, and the duration of its course. The severity of cognitive dysfunction begins to appear already in childhood and increases significantly in adult and elderly patients with asthma. Cognitive impairments can affect adherence to therapy in patients with asthma and negatively affect the achievement of BA control. There is evidence that chronic and acute hypoxia with insufficient control of BA can contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Comorbid conditions also contribute to the enhancement of cognitive dysfunction in patients with asthma. It is known, for example, that asthma is associated with increased levels of depression and anxiety, which may contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Increased body weight may also be a risk factor for cognitive impairment in BA patients. Timely detection of CI and appropriate correction will positively affect the results of therapy. This review examines the features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with BA of different ages, the relationship of CI to the control and duration of the disease, and the impact on the cognitive status of comorbid conditions. This evidence will allow us to streamline our knowledge about the state of cognitive function in patients with asthma for their timely diagnosis, correction, and, ultimately, improvement of BA control. 


Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 24-30; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-24-30
Abstract Full Text

The aim of the study was the IR spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis of products formed during the ozonation of fish oil. Fish oil samples were ozonized using an ozone therapy apparatus with an ozone destructor "Medozons - O3" (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). The study of the chemical composition of fish oil ozonolysis products was performed on a Shimadzu IR Prestige 21 (Japan) infrared Fourier spectrophotometer in the region of wave numbers 4000 - 400 cm–1 in the form of liquid films in KBr, NaCl, or ZnSe windows. Chromatographic study of the composition of fatty acids was carried out on an Agilent 7890B gas chromatograph with a mass-selective detector 5977A. Qualitative and quantitative determination of propionic acid was carried out on the gas chromatographic complex "Chromosome GC – 1000". Chromatographic data processing was performed on the hardware and software complex "Chromatek-Analyst". The dynamics of IR spectra and quantitative composition of fatty acids (chromatographically) of the studied samples before and after ozonation were evaluated. The concentration of reactive oxygen species was controlled by iodometric titration according to the interstate standard GOST ISO 3900 – 2013. The acid number and saponification number of reaction products were determined by chemical methods. It was found that during the processing of fish oil, the reaction with ozone mainly proceeds locally along the ω–3 double bonds, leading to the formation of hydroperoxyesters and hydroperxy acids, as well as propionic acid. It is shown that the number of fragments of ω-6, ω-7 and ω-9 fatty acids practically does not change.


Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 14-23; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-14-23
Abstract Full Text

The article discusses the organism`s adaptive capabilities of different age groups in the population with the use of cardiointervalography and hemodynamic parameters. There was a decrease in the total power of the heart rate variability spectrum and the power of all spectral parameters with an increasing age. In age groups 1 and 2, LF, % and VLF, % were more pronounced, there was a significant predominance of VLF, % in group 2, which reflected an increase in the level of the sympathetic link regulation activity. A more significant increase in the power of very low frequency oscillations indicates an increase in the influence of the central circuit of regulation along with an increase in the cerebral ergotropic influences. Assessment of oxidative metabolism by fluorescence spectroscopy showed an increase in the indicator in group 2, with a tendency to decrease in group 3 as compared to the values of group 1. The performed analysis of the frequency-amplitude spectrum revealed changes in the reactivity of the structures of the microvasculature depending on age. An increase in the volume of blood entering the microcirculation system was recorded, but the regulatory effect on microcirculation was different: group 2 was dominated by central mechanisms of regulation, in group 3 there was a predominance of local regulatory mechanisms. Thus, with age, there is a decrease in the adaptive reserves of the body with a tension in the regulatory vegetative homeostasis and a transition from nervous mechanisms of regulation to a lower level of humoral mechanism.


Full-length research paper
Printed June 05, 2023;
Published ahead of print June 04, 2023; Printed June 05, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 2, pages 5-13; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-2-5-13
Abstract Full Text

A study was made of the general condition, changes in the relative mass of internal organs and blood parameters of C57Bl/6 mice 3 months after local irradiation of the chest. Irradiation was carried out in five equal fractions with total doses of 5, 10 and 20 Gy. Single cases of death of irradiated animals were noted in each group 2 months after irradiation. 90 days after irradiation, an increase in the relative mass of the lung was noted in all groups of irradiated animals, as well as a decrease in the relative mass of the spleen and liver. A decrease in the number of platelets in all groups after irradiation was established, as well as a change in erythrocyte indices, which was most pronounced in groups irradiated at doses of 10 and 20 Gy. An increase in the activity of transaminase enzymes in the blood serum of animals depending on the dose of irradiation, an increase in the activity of LDH and phosphatases, as well as a decrease in the level of total protein were noted, which indicates damage to the organs of the thoracic region and liver and persistent metabolic disorders in animals 90days after local irradiation.


Full-length research paper
Printed March 25, 2023;
Published ahead of print March 24, 2023; Printed March 25, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 1, pages 106-112; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-1-106-112
Abstract Full Text

Introduction: the average thickness of the tympanic membrane (TM) normally fluctuates around 100 µm. Most of the measurements of the TM thickness presented in previous works were performed on cadaveric material. The anatomical parameters of the TM can be measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Materials and methods: we used spectral-domain OCT with a non-contact probe to study the structures of the middle ear. The results of OCT examination of 58 tympanic membranes of patients without middle ear pathology were analyzed. Quantitative analysis of OCT images was performed using the ImageJ program. The thickness of the tympanic membrane was calculated manually at 5 randomly selected points. To convert optical values into metric ones, we used an average refractive index of 1.45. Results: the TM thickness in patients without ear pathology was 138 µm (±29). Conclusions: OCT is an effective method of non-invasive examination of the TM and can be successfully used to measure the TM thickness. Improving the algorithms for processing OCT images in order to automatically calculate the TM thickness and make TM topographic maps remains a crucial task and its solution is expected to significantly improve the diagnostic properties of the method.


Full-length research paper
Printed March 25, 2023;
Published ahead of print March 24, 2023; Printed March 25, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 1, pages 72-105; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-1-72-105
Abstract Full Text

For a long time, the strains Bifidobacterium bifidum 1, Bifidobacterium bifidum 791, and Bifidobacterium longum 379 have been successfully used as probiotic producers; the conclusions about the possibility of their use, their role and functions in the human body were made empirically based on indirect signs. At present, high-tech equipment and modern research methods allow to conduct a complete study of the properties and characterization of strains; it is regulated by modern regulatory documents. In our work we applied the classical bacteriological method, MALDI TOF mass spectrometry method, NGS whole genome sequencing. The analysis of 27 clones of the strains revealed that they have typical morphological properties and stable biochemical profiles; the lists of ionized protein masses (so-called "strain markers") were determined. The whole genomes of strains deposited by us in GenBank in 2015-2017 were analyzed for the first time; we found that they do not contain pathogenicity genes, integrated plasmids, determinants of transmissible antibiotic resistance, and belong to phylogenetic clusters formed by probiotic-producing strains. It was shown that B. bifidum 1 and B. bifidum 791 have a pronounced ability to consume glycans of intestinal mucus, while B. longum 379 can efficiently consume plant glycans. The genomes of B. bifidum 791 and B. longum 379 strains contain genes for the synthesis of the most important neurometabolites of tryptophan and folic acid; the genome of B. bifidum 791 strain contains genes for the synthesis of lasso peptide and flavucin, class I lantibiotics with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial and antiviral activity.


Full-length research paper
Printed March 25, 2023;
Published ahead of print March 24, 2023; Printed March 25, 2023; OM&P 2023 Volume 10 Issue 1, pages 58-71; doi:10.24412/2500-2295-2023-1-58-71
Abstract Full Text

A review using the information on the problem in domestic and foreign sources of literature was carried out. Selected wild berries of Yakutia in their composition contain anthocyanins, flavanols and other biologically active compounds with experimentally proven anticancer effect in vitro against breast cancer cells. It has been noted that there is an insufficient study of wild berries as preventive agents against breast cancer. Experimental studies have proven the role of lingonberry in inhibiting the development of carcinogen-induced epithelial cancer, and cell culture of lingonberry and cloudberry can reduce the viability and proliferative activity of breast cancer cells. It is recommended to conduct researches on the effect of extracts, juice of northern berries on the development of breast cancer cell culture and find out their possible preventive and therapeutic effect.


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