Opera Medica et Physiologica

Genetic Variants of H.pylori in Different Forms of Chronic Gastritis

Abstract: 

The development of clinical forms of infection and endoscopic changes in the gastric mucosa depends on the H.pylori genetic diversity in a given region. The aim of this work was to study the relationship of the genetic profile of H.pylori pathogenicity factors with clinical and endoscopic features of Helicobacter-associated gastritis in Nizhny Novgorod. A number of H.pylori pathogenicity genes of DNA isolates obtained by endoscopy from 151 patients with chronic H.pylori-associated gastritis (non-destructive, erosive, and atrophic) were studied by PCR. Results. In destructive processes in the gastric mucosa, the detection frequency of cagA, vacA s1 m1 genes and a combination of several pathogenicity factors, including iceA A1 and babA was higher than in other forms of gastritis. Atrophic gastritis is characterized by the genetic profile cagA and vacA s2 m2. Infection with several H.pylori strains is determined more often in erosive gastritis and atrophy of the gastric mucosa. Conclusions. In chronic gastritis in Nizhny Novgorod, a predominantly "European" character of the pathogen population structure was revealed - with a moderate content of the most pathogenic cagA, vacA s1-positive strains. Colonization of the gastric mucosa by H.pylori with a genetic structure containing pathogenicity factors cagA, vacA, babA, ice A2, in chronic H.pylori-associated diseases, it is a factor in increasing the severity, activity and prevalence of the inflammatory process, the appearance of signs of atrophy of the gastric mucosa. The greatest influence on these indicators is exerted by the presence of cagA and vacA s1 in the microorganism genome, as well as a combination of several pathogenicity factors.