Radiosensitivity of A431, CHO, and SK-BR-3 Cell Lines to Low-Intensity Beta Radiation From a Sr-90+Y-90 Mixed Source

Currently, radionuclide therapy of tumors using sources of alpha and beta radiation is actively developing. However, the radiosensitivity of tumor cells has been studied mainly using acute gamma radiation. In this regard, studies aimed at determining the ranges of radiosensitivity of cells of various origins in relation to beta-emission radionuclides are gaining relevance. The study was carried out on A431, CHO and SK-BR-3 cell lines using beta-emission sealed sources Sr-90+Y-90. Cell viability was assessed via MTT-assay. Dose dependences were obtained for irradiating cells with a beta source: the LD50 range was from 17 to 19 Gy, and LD37 was from 24 to 36 Gy. It was shown that at the same dose of radiation, the percentage of viable cells relative to the control of 72 hours after irradiation is significantly less than after 24 hours. The revealed LD50 values for tumor cells under chronic beta-irradiation are higher than with acute gamma-irradiation, which should be considered when selecting doses during the development of potential radiopharmaceutical treatment. Decreased cell viability in response to beta radiation is due to both cytotoxic and cytostatic manifestations.