Opera Medica et Physiologica

Archive

Issue 2 | July 2020

Full-length research paper
Published ahead of print July 12, 2020; Printed July 16, 2020; OM&P 2020 Volume 7 Issue 2, pages 5-11; doi:10.24411/2500-2295-2020-00001
Abstract Full Text

The possibility of using laser interference microscopy to explore the morphological and functional state of erythrocytes was studied. The possibilities of this method based on the rapid determination of the structure and physiological state of erythrocytes were shown. The analysis of erythrocytes by laser interference microscopy showed that erythrocytes have a typical biconcave discocyte shape. On erythrocytes’ surface, there is a slight heterogeneity due to the presence of membrane-bound proteins. The impact on erythrocytes of stress hormones caused changes in erythrocyte surface that were different from physiologically normal. Numerous loosening of the structure appeared on cell surface during erythrocyte incubation with cortisol. Incubation of cells with adrenaline caused a greater effect of erythrocyte membranes deformation which was expressed by the appearance of convex seals and spicules on the surface. The molecular mechanisms of membrane modifications arising under the action of adrenaline and cortisol were discussed. The results of the work may be interesting both for basic research of erythrocyte properties and for practical medicine.


Full-length research paper
Published ahead of print July 12, 2020; Printed July 16, 2020; OM&P 2020 Volume 7 Issue 2, pages 12-23; doi:10.24411/2500-2295-2020-00002
Abstract Full Text

The features of ischemic brain injury outcome in C57BL/6 mice depending on the right or left common carotid artery occlusion are characterized. The right-hemispheric focal ischemia decreases the body weight, causes spatial memory impairment, and activates the development of a pronounced long-term neurological deficit characterized by ipsilateral limb paralysis, ptosis and muscle dystrophy, which is accompanied by perivascular brain tissue edema. In the left-hemispheric focal ischemia, the neurological status impairments are also observed, but they less pronounced than in case of right-hemispheric ischemia. Moreover, preference to study novelty is reduced, and long-term emotional strain is revealed. The peculiarity of ischemic injury using the left common carotid artery occlusion is accompanied by the presence of hemorrhages and dilated capillaries in the damaged brain hemisphere.


Full-length research paper
Published ahead of print July 12, 2020; Printed July 16, 2020; OM&P 2020 Volume 7 Issue 2, pages 24-29; doi:10.24411/2500-2295-2020-00003
Abstract Full Text

The present study is dedicated to the investigation of slow-waves in heart rate activity of healthy persons. Approaches to the description of the cardiovascular functional states using the dynamic characteristics of the amplitudephase coupling mechanisms of the electrocardiographic signal are described. Amplitude-phase coupling based pattern extracting was carried out. Suggested informative features and patterns of regulatory systems will allow the analysis of the diagnostic procedure results with reference to the central mechanisms of regulation and control.


Full-length research paper
Published ahead of print July 12, 2020; Printed July 16, 2020; OM&P 2020 Volume 7 Issue 2, pages 30-53; doi:10.24411/2500-2295-2020-00004
Abstract Full Text

The aim of this study was to examine the antidepressant-like responses to vitamin D3 (VD3) subcutaneous (s.c.) supplementation (1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg) in middle-aged long-term ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with a low dose of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) (0.5 μg/rat, s.c.) exposed to the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Sucrose preference (SPT), forced swimming (FST), and open-field (OFT) tests were performed to measure anhedonia, depressionlike state, and locomotor/grooming activities, respectively. Glial cell line-derived factor (GDNF) levels in the hippocampus of middle-aged long-term OVX rats following CUMS treated with VD3 were measured using ELISA and Western blotting. The serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations in the hippocampus were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The findings demonstrated that VD3 (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) in a combination with a low dose of 17β-E2 increased sucrose consumption in the SPT and decreased depression-like behavior in the FST of middle-aged long-term OVX rats exposed to CUMS. This dose of VD3 elevated hippocampal GDNF protein expression and increased 5-HT/5-HIAA levels in middle-aged long-term OVX rats plus 17β-E2 compared to the middle-aged OVX rats plus 17β-E2 with CUMS. The other two doses of VD3 (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, s.c.) failed to modify both GDNF protein levels and 5-HT turnover in the hippocampus of middle-aged long-term OVX rats treated with 17β-E2 exposed to CUMS. Thus, treatment with a low dose of VD3 (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) in a combination with a low dose of 17β-E2 enhanced antianhedonic-/antidepressant-like effects of both substances in middle-aged long-term OVX rats exposed to CUMS.