Radiotherapy is one of the most effective and most commonly used methods of cancer treatment. However, as a result of irradiation, there are side effects that occur as a result of ionizing radiation on healthy tissues. The use of a combined approach with the use of low doses of radiation and antitumor drugs that have a radiosensitizing effect may be one of the ways to reduce side effects and overcome the resistance of malignant cells. This study was undertaken to evaluate the combined effects of radiotherapy and the chemotherapeutic agent Doxorubicin on A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cell line. The cells were incubated with the antitumor antibiotic Doxorubicin and then exposed to high-energy electron ionizing radiation. The cell viability was examined using the MTT assay. The results showed that Doxorubicin acts as a radiosensitizer. Moreover, the combined effect of Doxorubicin and high-energy ionizing radiation of electrons is additive. According to the obtained results, combination therapy used in the treatment of oncological diseases can significantly reduce the radiation dose and minimize the side effects that occur during high doses of irradiation.
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 3 THE EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION.pdf | 395.29 KB |
Pressure sores remain an important clinical problem with significant socioeconomic implications. The pressure sores treatment via reparative processes activation in tissues by low-temperature plasma discharges was studied in the present work. Low-temperature plasma discharges were initiated by high-frequency 0.11, 2.64, 6.78, and 13.56 MHz current. It is shown that the optimal current frequency for the generation of the cold plasma is 6.78 MHz. This current frequency was used in clinical studies of pressure sores treatment with cold plasma discharges of the glow type. The efficiency of treatment was evaluated by analysis of histological samples, histochemical and bacteriological methods. Low-temperature plasma discharge treatment improved the dynamic of pressure sore healing, activated reparative processes in injured tissues, and decreased bacteria numbers in a wound. The most pronounced effect was observed after 14-21 days. The low-temperature plasma discharges accelerated pressure sores healing from 14 to 16% compared with non-treated by cold plasma wound. The effect depended on the pressure sores etiology. Low-temperature plasma discharges of glow type may be considered as an effective approach to pressure sores therapy.
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| 2 THERAPY OF PRESSURE SORES VIA ACTIVATION.pdf | 950.22 KB |
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been successfully used to treat many types of tumors. However, the widespread use of PDT is limited by a number of factors, including low selectivity of photosensitizer (PS) accumulation in tumor tissue. We have synthesized the novel third-generation photosensitizer, conjugate of zinc complex of chlorine e6 with maltose and biotin (Chl-Mal-B7). The introduction of maltose and biotin is intended to provide high selectivity to tumor cells often characterized by high-level expression of receptors for these molecules. It was shown that Chl-Mal-B7 intensively absorbs light and fluoresces in a far-red spectral region with a quantum yield of about 10%. Chl-Mal-B7 demonstrated photoinduced toxicity in submicromolar concentrations against cancer cells that is several times more effective compared to nonmalignant cells.
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| 1 NOVEL CHLORINE E6 CONJUGATE WITH DUAL TARGETING TO CANCER CELLS.pdf | 747.88 KB |
The dynamics of electroencephalographic (EEG) reactions were analyzed under a combination of resonance scanning and EEG-guided adaptive neurostimulation in the process of the cognitive rehabilitation of patients with post-COVID syndrome (PCS). It has been shown that the introduction of resonant scanning before adaptive neurostimulation makes it possible to observe the dynamics of resonant EEG reactions, provides activation of potential EEG oscillators of the brain, and increases the responsiveness of the brain to subsequent adaptive neurostimulation. Complex treatment procedures, due to the progressive involvement of resonant and adaptive mechanisms and mechanisms of neuroplasticity, contribute to the cognitive rehabilitation of patients with PCS, which manifests itself in the normalization of the EEG, a decrease in stress levels, and an improvement in emotional state and mood of the patients.
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| 11 DYNAMICS OF EEG REACTIONS.pdf | 539.45 KB |
Aim of the study: to analyze the results of performing retrograde perfusion of the pulmonary artery during an open thromboembolectomy from the pulmonary artery. Materials and methods: the experience of performing retrograde perfusion of the pulmonary artery in 10 patients operated in our clinic for massive pulmonary embolism is presented. Retrograde perfusion was performed after the stage of embolectomy from the pulmonary artery. For the latter, we used a disposable cardioplegic solution delivery system and 2 cardioplegic pumps of the heart-lung machine: the first for taking blood perfusate from the oxygenator, the second for supplying the combined solution. The blood perfusate and solution were mixed in a 3:1 ratio and injected selectively into the orifices of the pulmonary veins under a pressure of up to 20 mm Hg. (volume perfusion rate 200-250 ml/min) for 4 minutes. Results: despite the initial severity of the patients' condition, as well as the amount of surgical intervention performed, the hospital survival rate was 100%. Along with this, we did not note the development of specific complications, as well as the aggravation of the course of the intraoperative and early postoperative periods. Conclusion: retrograde pulmonary artery perfusion is a very encouraging and promising technique that provides effective and safe removal of small thromboembolism from the peripheral parts of the pulmonary arterial bed, as well as preventing the development of residual pulmonary hypertension as a result of developing intraoperative air embolism.
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| 10 POSSIBILITIES AND PERSPECTIVES OF RETROGRADE PULMONARY.pdf | 509.11 KB |
Objectives: the study evaluates the effectiveness of reverse cardiac remodeling in patients after surgical treatment of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: the analysis of the surgical treatment of 202 patients with mitral valve disease complicated by PH (more than 40 mmHg) and AF was performed. The surgical intervention consisted in surgical correction of mitral dysfunction (valve replacement or repair) – the group 1 of patients (n = 62). Patients of the second group (n = 89) additionally underwent the Maze IV procedure for concomitant AF using the AtriCure bipolar radiofrequency ablator. Patients of the group 3 (n = 51) underwent a complex surgical intervention consisting of mitral valve surgery, AF correction using Maze IV, circular radiofrequency denervation of the trunk and orifices of the pulmonary arteries (PA) (Pulmonary Artery Denervation - PADN). Results: PADN can significantly reduce the level of LH in the postoperative period (р2 = 0.018 compared with other groups) and promotes reverse cardiac remodeling by reducing its cavities. Complex surgical correction of patients with mitral valve disease, AF and severe PH can significantly reduce the severity of heart failure (р2 = 0.023 compared to the group without PADN). Conclusion: the PADN circular procedure is effective and safe. Further analysis of the effectiveness of PADN with a grouping of a larger number of patients, analysis of long-term results, and determination of the feasibility of this technique in patients with non-valvular forms of PH is needed.
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| 9 ENHANCED REVERSE CARDIAC REMODELING.pdf | 702.79 KB |
Viliuisk encephalomyelitis (VE) is a neurodegenerative disorder that afflicts the aboriginal people of Yakutia in Siberia. The disease is characterized by a progressive duration and aseptic inflammatory episodes, with intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal IgG (OCBs) in some patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of soluble ligands and receptors of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily as potential participants in VE pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, we measured the levels of sTNF-α, sFas-L, sTRAIL, sCD40L ligands, and sCD40 receptor by ELISA in the plasma of VE patients compared with healthy individuals of the same population and patients with demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO), as examples of disorders involving immune pathology. In addition, the same markers were analyzed in the CSF of VE patients and patients with demyelinating diseases. The results obtained showed that the increased level of plasma sTNF-α in VE patients was associated with the detection of OCBs (p = 0.01; two-tailed Student’s t-test). The sCD40L level in plasma was significantly increased in VE patients, regardless of the presence of an inflammatory component (p = 0.001; Student's t-test), and their healthy relatives (p = 0.004; Student's t-test). Our results suggested that increased blood sCD40L levels are associated with the chronic form of VE and may participate in the predisposition to the disease. Increased blood sCD40L levels may lead to pathology of the vascular endothelium in the brain and the development of VE pathology.
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| 8 SOLUBLE LIGANDS OF THE TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR.pdf | 499.88 KB |
Deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the development and remodeling of blood vessels is one of the topical areas of modern (patho)physiology and cell biology. Initially, interest in these processes was mainly associated with the need to find the mechanisms of tissues and organ developments, as well as the vascularization of tumors. In recent years, mechanisms of (neo)angiogenesis in physiological conditions and pathologies have attracted the increasing attention of researchers. In the context of the central nervous system physiology, this issue is quite new; however, there is accumulating experimental and clinical evidence that brain plasticity includes not only phenomenon of neurogenesis, synaptic transmission, dynamic changes in the number and activity of synapses, various intercellular interactions, secretion of a wide range of neurotransmitters, gliotransmitters, cytokines and growth factors, but also specific changes in local microcirculation, establishment and regression of microvessels, and altered permeability of the blood-brain barrier in active brain regions. Until now, mechanisms underlying the development and involution of blood vessels in the brain tissue are very scattered; however, some signaling pathways have been identified, in particular, those associated with the response of cells to hypoxia. Obviously, identification of such mechanisms is important for a better understanding of brain development and plasticity, searching for new marker molecules and target molecules used for the accurate diagnostics, effective treatment and reliable prognosis of brain pathologies associated with insufficient or excessive tissue vasculariza-tion and aberrant vessel remodeling, as well as for adequate reproduction of cerebral vascular networks within the in vitro microphysiological systems.
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| 7 MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ANGIOGENESIS.pdf | 783.06 KB |
Prenatal hypoxia remains the leading cause of infant mortality and severe disability in newborns. Disturbances in the development of fetal brain structures and functions due to hypoxic damage are the main trigger for the development of severe neurological disorders and accelerated neurodegeneration processes and can also be the cause of epileptiform activity in the postnatal period. Herein, the role of chronic prenatal hypoxia on the functional state of C3H+C57Bl6 hybrid mice during the first three weeks of postnatal development and the risks of developing epileptiform activity when provoking audiogenic seizures were assessed. Exposure to chronic prenatal hypoxia was found to increase the risk of neonatal mortality and developmental delay in the surviving individuals in the first two weeks of the postnatal period. It was shown that one of the causes of the failure of adaptation might be the disruption of the functional activity of the mitochondrial apparatus of brain cells mediated by the disruption of the first and second respiratory chain complexes. Exposure to chronic prenatal hypoxia has no significant effect on the increased risk of seizure activity in mice during audiogenic stimulation in late postnatal development, does not activate the development of persistent neurological deficit, and does not significantly affect the cognitive functions and learning ability of animals.
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| 6 THE INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC PRENATAL HYPOXIA.pdf | 721.79 KB |
The study was performed at the Gomel Regional Clinic of Sports Medicine (Belarus). Two hundred thirty-six healthy athletes (134 men and 102 women) were examined. The mean age of the examined athletes was 20 years. Features of blood biochemical parameters in athletes of cyclic sports, strength sports, and team game sports have been evaluated.
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| 5 BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS.pdf | 359.13 KB |
