Evaluating the Long-Term Effects of Yoga Therapy on Neuromuscular Functions and Autism Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often struggle with movement coordination and social interaction. Yoga practices have shown potential in easing behavioural and sensory issues, but their long-term effects on motor skills and autism symptoms remain unclear. This study explored whether extended yoga sessions could improve neuromuscular function (NMF) and autism severity (AS) in children with ASD. Methods: Sixty children aged 5–15 years with ASD were randomly assigned to a Yoga Group (YG, n = 30) or Control Group (CG, n = 30). The YG participated in structured yoga sessions for 60 minutes daily, five days a week, over a six-month period. NMF was assessed using auditory reaction time (ART), visual reaction time (VRT), and postural stability (PS). AS was evaluated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Assessments were carried out at baseline then 3 months, and 6 months. Results: By six months, the YG showed significant improvement in ART (450 ± 10 m.s.), VRT (500 ± 12 m.s.), and PS (1.6 ± 0.5) compared to the CG (p < 0.001). The CARS score in YG reduced to 28.9 ± 4.5 versus 35.7 ± 5.3 in CG. ADOS communication and social interaction scores also improved significantly in YG (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Long-term yoga sessions enhanced motor responses and reduced autism-related symptoms, indicating potential as a supportive therapy for ASD.