Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium distributed worldwide and common in developing countries. In addition to its gastric manifestation, it has a potential role in the development of non-digestive tract disorders like cardiovascular diseases including dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease. It is unclear whether diabetics are more liable for H. pylori infection or whether H. pylori infection raises the risk of diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the glycemic measures in patients having gastritis with and without H. pylori. A community-based cohort study was carried out on patients diagnosed with gastritis by gastroscopy examination. Our sample was divided into H. P-positive group (150 female & 155 male) and H. P-negative group (175 female & 68 male). Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection was done by 13C urea breath test. A control group (60 female and 60 male) that had neither gastritis nor H.P infection were included in this study. Laboratory investigations were performed after a 10 h fast, including fasting blood glucose (mg/dl), fasting serum insulin (IU/ml), HbA1c and 2h postprandial plasma glucose. HOMA-IR index was used to study the relation between Helicobacter pylori and insulin resistance. Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with glycemic measures in patients with gastritis. In gastritis with and without Helicobacter pylori, glycemic measures were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in females. It can be concluded that by causing insulin resistance, H. pylori contributes to diabetes and may be magnified to promote long-term diabetes.
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