Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is the most common malignancy of urinary tract, ranking tenth worldwide. In Iraq, UBC is the seventh among 10 most prevalent cancers. This study is designed to assess the expression of CD276 in different bladder tissue specimens from Iraqi UBC patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC). A total of 70 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of bladder cancer were collected from the archive of the Histopathology Unit of several public hospitals and private labs in Baghdad, following formal authorizations, in addition to ten biopsies of bladder tissues without significant pathology assembled from the forensic medicine department and used for comparison purposes. The results showed that the expression of CD276 was positive in 41.43% of malignant cases and negative in 100% of normal bladder tissues with significant differences of P = 0.011 between the studied groups. It can be concluded that the present investigation reported elevated expression of CD276 in Iraqi UBC patients, correlated negatively with clinical features including patients′ age, sex, tumor′s size, stage, grade, and histological type. This suggests that this marker may be considered a target molecule in diagnosis or therapy of UBC.
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