Asthma is a common chronic multifactorial respiratory disease. Genes involved in the metabolism of drugs used for asthma management play an important role in asthma development. The aim of the study was to analyze the methylation of the promoter regions of AOC1, GLCCI1 and ARG2 genes involved in the metabolism of drugs used for asthma treatment in asthma patients and controls from the Republic of Bashkortostan. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of 157 asthma patients and 155 control subjects. Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution Melting analysis and sequencing of bisulfite-treated genomic DNA were applied to estimate the degree of methylation. Analysis of the methylation status of promoter region of the AOC1 gene revealed a higher frequency of full methylation (100%) of the studied region in patients with severe and moderate asthma than in controls (38.61%; p=0.002; OR=2.58; 95%CI 1.4-4.75). A significantly higher level of promoter methylation of the GLCCI1 gene was found in patients with severe and moderate asthma compared to control group (p=0.01; OR=3.1; 95%CI 1.22-7.88). A low level of promoter methylation of the ARG2 gene was determined in both analyzed groups of patients and controls. The results of MS-HRM analysis were confirmed by bisulfite sequencing of analyzed samples. Thus, this study revealed differences in the level of methylation of promoter regions of AOC1 and GLCCI1 genes between samples of asthma patients and controls. The results of the study expand general understanding of the possible contribution of DNA methylation to asthma development.
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