Haemophilus influenzae is one of the most common causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Gene recombinations and high polymorphism make it difficult to diagnose the pathogen even by methods of molecular genetics. The development of DNA microarrays for H. influenzae detection in clinical samples of patients with CAP is promising. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of detection of H. influenzae in clinical samples of patients with CAP using DNA microarray. Oligonucleotide probes were selected using disprose program and sequences from NCBI Nucleotide. Probes capable of cross-linking with H. haemolyticus and H. parainfluenzae DNA were removed in order to exclude nonspecific interaction. Probes were tested as part of DNA microarray design using samples of nucleic acid from tracheal aspirates of children with CAP. H. influenzae detection frequency in clinical samples was determined using sputum samples, tracheal aspirates and pharyngeal swabs of children and adults with CAP. The prevalence of the hybridization signal of the specific probes over 3 standard deviations of the hybridization signal of the negative control probes was interpreted as positive. The results were validated by PCR. 22 probes for H. influenzae detection with DNA microarray were selected. The hybridization signal of probes exceeded the threshold while testing samples containing H. influenzae DNA and did not exceed the threshold value while testing negative samples. H. influenzae detection frequency among patients with CAP was assessed. The results can be used for development of diagnostic tools for establishing the etiological factor of CAP.
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